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Annatto is a natural colourant used to give cheese a yellow or orange colour.
Directions: Dosage depends on the desired colour intensity. As a guide, use between 0.1 and 0.5 ml per litre of warmed milk. Store in a cool place, out of direct sunlight.
Ingredients: Water, colour (annatto extracts), potassium hydroxide.
If you are to be truly considered an artisan cheesemaker, then you really need a Mad Millie Artisan Cheese Kit. This is the ultimate kit for all cheese lovers and will quickly add 18 different types of cheese to your repertoire.
The Mad Millie Artisan Cheese Kit contains everything you need to create 18 different types of cheese and cultured butter. Just add milk!
This kit makes Feta, Halloumi, Cottage Cheese, Light Cream Cheese, Cream Cheese, Chevre Frais, Goat’s Feta, Quark, Mascarpone, Ricotta, Ricotta Salata, Mozzarella, Bocconcini, Burrata, Cultured Butter, Colby, Cheddar, Caerphilly, Havarti and Wensleydale.
Designed to be made in any kitchen, no specialised equipment or experience required. Includes specialised BPA Free Cheese Moulds.
No Artificial Flavours or Preservatives – Gluten-Free – Vegetarian
- 19 Ingredients & supplies to make your own Artisan Cheese
- 1 – 5 hours hands-on time per recipe (does not include maturing time).
- Kit makes 20 batches (10 kg/22 lb) of Artisan Cheese before refills are required.
Ingredients: 1x450g Artisans salt (sodium chloride, anticaking agent (E535)); 1x100g citric acid; 1x50ml calcium chloride (water, calcium chloride (30%)); 1x50ml annatto colour; 2x 10 vegetarian rennet tablets (milk clotting enzyme, excipients); 1x5 Cheese culture sachets (freeze dried mesophilic starter culture. Contains milk).
Kit Includes:
Cheese Culture (5 Saches)
Vegetarian Rennet Tablets (10)
Hard Cheese Press
Cheese Wax
Cheese Mat
2 Square Feta Moulds
Small Ricotta Basket with Draining Container
Pipette
Thermometer
Cheese Salt
Calcium Chloride
Cheese Cloth
Citric Acid
Curd Knife
Culture Measuring Spoons
Draining Spoon
Annatto Cheese Colourant
How-to Guide
A reusable finely-woven cloth of 90 thread per inch 100% cotton. It's used in place of cheese cloth, which is too wide a weave for some cheese recipes. 900mmx900mm
Adding it to pasteurised and/or homogenised milk you buy from a shop helps restore calcium balance back to the milk, to create a firmer curd.
Use 0.5ml per litre of milk. Add to milk before adding culture and/or rennet.
We recommend keeping this product refrigerated to keep it in optimal condition.
Mad Millie Coconut Yoghurt contains live cultures that are ready to help you create a delicious, dairy-free coconut yoghurt. Our live Acidophilus and Bifidobacterium don’t just make for tasty coconut yoghurt but they’re great for you too!
The Mad Millie Coconut Yoghurt Kit contains all the specialised ingredients and equipment to make dairy-free coconut yoghurt at home. It is the perfect kit for beginners and those who love to make food from scratch.
Mad Millie Coconut Yoghurt contains active bacteria strains Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus, Bifidobacterium lactis and Lactobacillus acidophilus.
Dairy-Free – No Artificial Flavours – Live Cultures – No Preservatives
- 6 Ingredients & supplies to make your own Coconut Yoghurt
- 30 minutes hands-on time
- Kit makes 10 batches (8 kg/17 lb) of Coconut yoghurt before refills are required
To give your cultures the best chance of success they need to be kept nice and warm overnight. The Mad Millie Culturing Flask is the perfect sidekick to this kit and makes fermenting that much easier!
Whats Included
- 1 L Glass Jar
- Thermometer
- Dairy-Free Yoghurt Culture
- Thickener
- How-to Guide
Ingredients: 100g Thickener (tapioca starch, maltodextrin (corn), guar gum); Freeze-dried yoghurt cultures (5x sachets - freeze-dried lactic bacteria).
This knife is specialised to carefully cut delicate curd without tearing when making cheese. The long blade makes it very easy to cut right down to the bottom of deep pots and cheese vats.
The Mad Millie Fermented Vegetable Culture is great to use when making sauerkraut, kimchi or other fermented vegetables with your Mad Millie Fermenting Crock. This provides a faster more reliable fermentation.
Each Fermented Vegetables Culture Sachet contains Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris, Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis, Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis biovar diacetylactis and Leuconostoc.
Store below 25oC
5 sachets will make: 5 batches (10 kg/22 lb) Fermented Vegetables, each sachet treats approximately 2 kg of vegetables.
Contains: Milk
Make your own nutritious sauerkraut, kimchi and other fermented vegetables!
Numerous studies have shown the beneficial health effects of fermented food, especially fermented vegetables such as sauerkraut or kimchi. Fermenting vegetables is a tasty way to preserve while locking in all the healthy enzymes and probiotics.
This 3 L Fermenting Crock fits up to two medium sized cabbages and makes two 1 L jars full of sauerkraut or kimchi which lasts up to three months when stored in the fridge.
TIP: If you would like a faster or more reliable fermentation we recommend to use our Mad Millie Fermented Vegetable culture when making sauerkraut or kimchi with this crock.
Includes:
- 3 L Mad Millie handmade ceramic Fermenting Crock
- 2 traditional clay weights
- Instructions and recipes
We highly recommend you use No Rinse Sanitiser when using the crock
This complies with FTA lead food safety standards. The internal surface is 100% lead free.
Dimensions
Height without lid: 22.2.cm
Height with lid: 26 cm
Base diameter: 16 cm
Opening diameter: 8.8cm
Aromatic Mesophilic (YV32) is a freeze dried mixed strain culture containing:
Lactoccus lactis subsp. cremoris
Lactoccus lactis subsp.lactis
Leuconostoc
Lactoccus lactis subsp. diacetylactis
Aromatic Mesophillic is a gas producing culture, where little air pockets will be observed in the cheese. If gas is not desired, then use the Mesophillic Culture.
Pack contains 5 sachets. Each sachet doses 4L of milk.
This culture lasts out of the freezer (at room temperature) for 6 months so will be fine during postage. However, we suggest storing cultures in the freezer as soon as you get them in order to prolong the life of the culture.
Becoming an artisan cheesemaker is easier than you think. The Mad Millie Fresh Cheese Kit contains everything you need to create eight different types of fresh cheese. Just add milk!
Whether you are a fan of squeaky halloumi for brunch, the tang of chevre frais on a cheese platter or marinated feta for all occasions, this kit has you covered. This kit makes Feta, Halloumi, Cottage Cheese, Light Cream Cheese, Cream Cheese, Chevre Frais, Goat’s Feta or Quark.
Designed to be made in any kitchen, no specialised equipment or experience required. Includes specialised BPA Free Cheese Moulds.
No Artificial Flavours or Preservatives – Gluten-Free – Vegetarian
- 12 Ingredients & supplies to make your own Fresh Cheese
- 60 minutes hands-on time on average, per recipe
- Kit makes 10 batches (7 kg/15 lb) of Fresh Cheese before refills are required.
Whats Included
- Shelf Stable Mesophilic Culture
- Cheese Cloth
- Cheese Salt
- Square Feta Moulds (2)
- Vegetarian Rennet Tablets
- Thermometer
- Cheese Mat
- Calcium Chloride
- Pipette
- Culture Measuring Spoons
- How-to Guide
Ingredients: 1x450g salt (sodium chloride, anticaking agent (E535)), 1x50ml calcium chloride (water, calcium chloride (30%)), 1x 10 vegetarian rennet tablet (milk clotting enzyme, excipients); 1x 5 mesophilic culture (freeze dried lactic bacteria. Contains milk/dairy).
Mad Millie Ginger Beer Yeast is the perfect starter for Alcoholic and Non-Alcoholic Ginger Beer. 3 sachets of Ginger Beer Yeast will make up to 3 batches (13.5 L) of alcoholic or non-alcoholic old-fashioned ginger beer.
Store below 25°C Ingredients: Yeast nutrients, dried yeast, vitamins, trace minerals Dairy Free, Gluten Free
The Mad Millie Greek Yoghurt Kit contains live cultures that are ready to be fermented into thick, creamy yoghurt. Over 1 million live cultures per gram when made with full-fat milk, as per the Mad Millie recipe.
With the Mad Millie Greek Yoghurt Kit, you can make delicious Greek yoghurt, soy yoghurt and labna (yoghurt cheese). Perfect for beginners and advanced users with all specialised ingredients and equipment included. Just add milk!
No Artificial Flavours or Preservatives – Gluten-Free - Vegetarian – Live Dairy-Free Cultures – Nut-Free – Vegan Option
- 6 Ingredients & supplies to make your own Greek or Soy Yoghurt
- 30 minutes hands-on time per recipe
- Kit makes 5 batches (5 kg/11 lb) of yoghurt before refills are required.
Mad Millie Dairy Free Yoghurt Culture contains Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus, Bifidobacterium lactis, Lactobacillus acidophilus.
To give your cultures the best chance of success they need to be kept nice and warm overnight. The Mad Millie Culturing Flask is the perfect sidekick to this kit and makes fermenting that much easier!
Whats Included
- 1 L Jar
- Cheese Cloth
- 5 x Sachets of dairy-free Yoghurt Culture
- Stainless Steel Thermometer
- How-to Guide
Ingredients: Live freeze dried yoghurt cultures (5x sachets - freeze dried lactic bacteria).
Mozzarella, ricotta, mascarpone and more from your kitchen.
The Italian Cheese Kit provides you with everything you need to whip up these Italian favourites quickly in under an hour! Makes over 10 batches of cheese (approx 6kg in total).
Designed to be used in any kitchen. No cheesemaking experience needed! No artificial flavours or preservatives and is vegetarian.
Makes:
Fresh Italian Mozzarella and Bocconcini (approx 600g/batch),
Ricotta (approx 400g/batch),
Ricotta Salata (approx 100g/batch),
Burrata
Mascarpone (approx 700g/batch).
Kit Includes:
Small Ricotta Mould with Draining Container,Vegetarian Rennet Tablets (10), Cheese Salt, Cheese Cloth, Citric Acid, Pipette, Calcium Chloride, Steriliser, Stainless Steel Thermometer, Kit Instructions and Recipes.
We keep all cultures, rennet, and calcium chloride refrigerated to ensure you receive them in the best possible condition.
Kefir is a popular and delicious fermented drink, using bacteria and yeast, which is healthy and great for you.
Mad Millie Kefir Culture contains 7 bacteria strains and 1 yeast strain:
Lactococcus lactis subsp. Cremoris,
Lactococcus lactis subsp. Lactis,
Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis biovar diacetylactis,
Leuconostoc
Candida colliculosa
Streptococcus thermophilus
Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. Bulgaricus
Bifidobacterium lactis
Lactobacillus acidophilus
Pack contains 2 sachets. Note: Culture contains dairy
Each sachet can be used for culturing 1 L of milk, soy, juice or coconut water. Each sachet can be recultured (see kit instructions) up to 2 times.
This culture lasts out of the freezer (at room temperature) for 6 months so will be fine during postage. However, we suggest storing cultures in the freezer as soon as you get them in order to prolong the life of the culture.
Kefir is a delicious healthy drink bursting with live kefir cultures. It contains eight beneficial bacteria strains, so it's good for your tummy and tastes good too! Your homemade kefir has over 1 million per gram when made with full-fat milk, as per the Mad Millie Kefir Kit recipe!
The Mad Millie Kefir Kit contains all the specialised ingredients and equipment you need to make your own kefir at home. This kit can be used with low and full fat milk, soy milk, coconut water, and fruit juice. Just add culture, shake and leave for 24 hours.
Freeze Dried Cultures – No Preservatives – No Artificial Flavours – Vegetarian – Gluten Free – Nut Free
- 6 Ingredients & supplies to make your own Kefir
- 20 minutes hands on time
- Kit makes 6 batches (6 L/6 US qt) of Kefir before refills are required.
Mad Millie Kefir contains Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris, Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis, Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis biovar diacetylactis, Candida colliculosa, Leuconostoc, Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus, Bifidobacterium lactis, Lactobacillus acidophilus
Whats Included
- 2 x Sachets Kefir Culture
- Stainless Steel Mixing Ball
- Cheese Cloth
- 1 L Jar
- How-to Guide
Ingredients: 2 x freeze-dried kefir culture sachets (Culture contains milk).
Make your own kombucha using Mad Millie's live culture (SCOBY) which turns sweetened tea into a delicious, fizzy beverage. Fermenting kombucha yourself gives you the creative license to have as much or as little tart zing as you want.
Once activated, your scoby can be reused to brew your own delicious booch time and time again. Your 1 L brew is also the perfect starter culture for bigger fermenting vessels or crocks. It's the gift that keeps on giving!
Gluten-Free – No Artificial Flavours – No Preservatives – Non-GMO - Vegan
- 6 Ingredients & supplies to make your own Kombucha
- 20 minutes hands on time and 8-25 days to ferment (depending on taste preferences).
- Makes endless batches 1 L batches when re-cultured.
Whats Included
- 1 L Glass Jar
- Metal Closure Lid
- Thermometer Strip
- Organic Kombucha SCOBY
- Muslin Cloth
- How to Guide
Ingredients: 155g (5.5 US fl oz) live kombucha SCOBY (water, organic kombucha culture, organic sugar, organic black tea).
Mesophilic (MW3) is a freeze dried culture, which contain special strains of Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris and Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis.
This culture can be used to make feta, cottage cheese, cream cheese, quark, goats feta, Chevre Frais
Pack contains 5 sachets. Each sachet contains enough culture for 4 L of milk. Activity = 2.4 U.
All Mad Millie cultures contain a small amount of dairy.
This culture lasts out of the freezer (at room temperature) for 6 months so will be fine during postage. However, we suggest storing them in the freezer as soon as you get them in order to prolong their life.
Handcraft your own delicious alcoholic or non-alcoholic Ginger Beer the old fashioned way! Designed to be used in any kitchen, the Mad Millie Ginger Beer Kit contains everything you need to make delicious ginger beer from scratch using ginger, brown sugar, fresh lemon juice, ginger beer yeast, and water.
Fresh, no additives and nothing artificial!
Perfect for beginner brewers or those who want to experiment and perfect their old fashioned ginger beer brewing.
Whats Included
- 5 L Fermenting Glass Jar
- Airlock
- Bung
- Dried Ginger
- 3-Way Sugar Measurer
- Ginger Beer Yeast
- Muslin Cloth
Time: 1-hour hands-on time (ready in 3 weeks)
Quantity: Makes 6 x 750 ml bottles each brew - bottles not included.
Gluten-free, dairy-free, vegan
This is included in the Artisan Cheese Kit. Used for pressing your home made hard cheeses in an accurate and reliable manner. It is made from a special food grade plastic that is easily cleaned and does not absorb bacteria. It comes with a 2 litre hard cheese mould, fitting curds from 6 litres of milk, a press and pressure gauge.
A microbial rennet used to coagulate milk when making cheese and/or junket. This rennet is suitable for vegetarians.
Directions: Use 0.5 ml per litre of cow's milk at the time & temperature stated on your recipe.
Ingredients: water, salt, enzyme, preservative (211).
Store in the fridge.
The ideal culture for yoghurt, vegan yoghurt, skyr and yoghurt cheese.
This dairy-free yoghurt culture is a freeze-dried yoghurt culture which contains the following strains; streptococcus thermophilus, lactobacillus delbrueckii subs. bulgaricus, bifidobacterium lactis, lactobacillus acidophilus.
5 sachets included and each sachet contains enough culture to make 1-2 L of yoghurt.
This culture is shelf-stable for 8 months.
Dairy free, Gluten Free
For a full guide for making yoghurt using the Mad Millie Yoghurt Culture including how to make your own Greek Yoghurt, Soy Yoghurt, and Labna, please click here: How to Guide - Greek Yoghurt – Mad Millie (not included with purchase).
Lightly malted blend of brewing sugars adding flavour to any regular beer kit. Improves mouthfeel & gives your beer a better head. This product may be used to replace Sugar or Dextrose. Use in place of any dextrose or sugar as recommended on the beer pack
With the portable dispensing kit, you will now be able to dispense straight from the keg (think party kegs!) which means you will be able to take your homemade beer to parties, BBQs and other gatherings where you can share your brews with others.
The kit has an inlet for standard threaded disposable 16g CO2 canisters plus adaptors for paintball cylinders, 74g CO2 cartridges and SodaStream cylinders!
Kit Contains:
- Portable Keg Dispensing Kit
- Threaded Gas Ball Lock Disconnect
- Threaded Liquid Ball Lock Disconnect
- Mini Keg Ball Lock Cap
- Mini Keg Diptube Hosing 10 L
- Mini Keg 10 L
With the portable dispensing kit, you will now be able to dispense straight from the keg (think party kegs!) which means you will be able to take your homemade beer to parties, BBQs and other gatherings where you can share your brews with others.
The kit has an inlet for standard threaded disposable 16g CO2 canisters plus adaptors for paintball cylinders, 74g CO2 cartridges and SodaStream cylinders!
Kit Contains:
- Portable Keg Dispensing Kit
- Threaded Gas Ball Lock Disconnect
- Threaded Liquid Ball Lock Disconnect
- Mini Keg Ball Lock Cap
- Mini Keg Diptube Hosing 3 L
- Mini Keg 3 L
With the portable dispensing kit, you will now be able to dispense straight from the keg (think party kegs!) which means you will be able to take your homemade beer to parties, BBQs and other gatherings where you can share your brews with others.
The kit has an inlet for standard threaded disposable 16g CO2 canisters plus adaptors for paintball cylinders, 74g CO2 cartridges and SodaStream cylinders!
Kit Contains:
- Portable Keg Dispensing Kit
- Threaded Gas Ball Lock Disconnect
- Threaded Liquid Ball Lock Disconnect
- Mini Keg Ball Lock Cap
- Mini Keg Diptube Hosing 5 L
- Mini Keg 5 L
A high quality Stainless Steel Fermenter is the centrepiece of the exciting new Craft Series Microbrewery Kit.
It also contains a Golden Lager brewing pouch, including hops for dry hopping and Craft Series yeast to make the perfect craft brew.
This home microbrewery offers a significant step up from traditional homebrew starter kits that are based on plastic fermenters. This plus the superior ingredients included in the kit, makes it the best homebrew kit on the market. Perfect for those new to homebrewing. Guarantees your first brew will impress!
NO ARTIFICIAL FLAVOURS OR PRESERVATIVES
Makes: 23 L of craft beer
MICROBREWERY KIT CONTAINS
- Mangrove Jack's Craft Series Golden Lager Brewing Pouch - including yeast
- Stainless Steel Fermenter with Thermometer – High grade # 304 stainless steel for professional results. (Now with a stainless steel tap)
- Brewer’s Spoon
- Bottle Brush
- Hydrometer
- Carbonation Drops
- Cleaners and Sterilisers
- Bottling Attachment
A sweet Mulled Apple Cider bursting with the flavour of spiced winter apples. Indulgently sweet balanced by a satisfying acidity which is complemented by bright orange and clove notes. The perfect year-round drop which can be enjoyed hot or cold.
Sweet apple and strawberry are rounded off by floral and hibiscus notes that are contrasted nicely with subtle hints of oak.
ABV Approx: 5.2%
Style: Sweet
Colour: Dark Pink
Makes: 23 L
Brewing Sugar Required: 1 kg Dextrose
A delightfully refreshing cider, with juicy orange and green apple notes, offering a lush sweetness balanced by crisp acidity. Pours a blush orangewith sunset hues and an inviting aroma of citrus, apple, and stone fruit.
Approx ABV: 5.6% (Based on use with 1 kg dextrose/brewing sugar)
Colour: Blush Orange
Makes: 23 L (6.07 US Gal)
Yeast Included: M02 Cider Yeast 9 g
Extra fermentables required: 1 kg (2.2 lb) Brewing Sugar or 1.25 (2.7lb) kg Cider Enhancer.
Ingredients: Concentrate [apple juice concentrate (72 %), glucose syrup, blood orange juice concentrate (6 %), acids (malic acid, citric acid), yeast nutrients, water, colour (anthocyanin), preservative (sodium metabisulphite)], flavouring [natural flavourings, flavouring], cider yeast [dried yeast (yeast, emulsifier (sorbitan monostearate)), yeast extract, vitamins, trace minerals], sweetener [dextrose, sweetener (acesulfame K)].
Allergens: Contains sulphites
Notes of ripe, juicy peach complement a light malt backbone to make this a refreshing, aromatic beer. A slight acidity cuts through the subtle malt sweetness, giving this delicate pilsner a clean, crisp finish. Pours golden with a white head.
The Mangrove Jack's Limited Edition Craft Series beer kits have been developed to tackle the latest and greatest in beer trends, introducing new and exciting styles. Each Limited Edition is meticulously crafted, offering a unique and exciting brewing experience.
The pouch contains two compartments. One side is carefully nitrogen flushed and cold filled with delicious, hopped malt extract which has been specifically selected to match each unique beer style. The other side contains instructions, a carefully selected Craft Series Yeast strain tailored to complement the chosen style, and, depending on the kit, a sachet bursting with aromatic dry hops to infuse the brew with an additional layer of flavour and aroma.
Designed with the modern brewer in mind, these pouches offer a hassle-free brewing process without compromising on taste. With easy-to-follow instructions and pre-measured ingredients, brewers can create with confidence, meaning they enjoy brewing just as much as tasting.
ABV Approx: 4.5% (Based on use with 1kg brewing sugar)
Approx FG: 1.006 FG (Brewing Sugar/Brew Enhancer), 1.011 (1.2 kg Pure Malt Extract or Beer Enhancer 1).
Colour: Golden
Bitterness Rating: 2/5
Bitterness: IBU 15-21
Makes: 23L (6.07 US Gal)
Yeast: Mangrove Jack's M24 Versa Lager Yeast 10 g
Extra Fermentables Required:
- 1kg (2.2lb) brewing sugar/brew enhancer or
- 1.2 kg Mangrove Jack's Pure Liquid Malt Extract
Ingredients: Liquid malt extract [malt extract (barley), peach juice concentrate (4.5 %), flavouring, acid (citric acid), water, hop extract], dried yeast [yeast, emulsifier (sorbitan monostearate)].
For allergens, including cereals containing gluten, see ingredients in bold.
Net weight: 2 kg
Increases the mouthfeel of your beer and improves it's head. This premium malt has been spray-dried into a fine soluble powder. Spray drying preserves all the flavour & does not darken the malt. Spraymalt is produced by atomizing malt into tiny droplets and then rapid drying. Use in place of sugar or dextrose.
This Mangrove Jack's Heat Pad ensures constant brewing temperature which is crucial for the success of brewing beer, wine or spirits.
Heat Pad SpeCraft Series:
- Provides low, constant heat where it is needed for fermentation.
- Aids yeast activity and helps avoid stuck fermentation.
- Inexpensive to run.
- Voltage: 220-240V
- Power: 25W
- Colour: White
The Mangrove Jack’s Hop Spider keeps hops together during the boil. It can be used on all appropriate sized boil pots, including the Grainfather.
Made with a coarser, 800 micron mesh, for maximum wort flow and increased hop utilisation.
Specs
Diameter: 15 cm
Length: 30 cm
Material: 800 micron 304 grade stainless steel mesh, with stainless steel support band and single hook.
No bottling or wasting that little bit left over from standard sized 23L batches and a 19L keg and perfect for smaller experimental batches.
The 10L can be used as a growler without the ball lock cap - perfect for filling up at your favourite tap room or brewery!
- Portable size
- Pressure carbonate (using the ball lock cap)
- Stainless steel body
- Handles for easy transportation
No bottling or wasting that little bit left over from standard sized 23L batches and a 19L keg and perfect for smaller experimental batches.
The 3L can be used as a growler without the ball lock cap - perfect for filling up at your favourite tap room or brewery!
- Portable size
- Pressure carbonate (using the ball lock cap)
- Stainless steel body
- Handles for easy transportation
No bottling or wasting that little bit left over from standard sized 23L batches and a 19L keg and perfect for smaller experimental batches.
The 5L can be used as a growler without the ball lock cap - perfect for filling up at your favourite tap room or brewery!
- Portable size
- Pressure carbonate (using the ball lock cap)
- Stainless steel body
- Handles for easy transportation
